ds_fastapi

Context

1. What is Web Server Gateway Interface (WSGI)?

WSGI is a standard interface between web servers and Python web application frameworks.

2. What does WSGI do?

By standardizing behavior and communication between web servers and Python web frameworks, WSGI makes it possible to write portable Python web code that can be deployed in any WSGI-compliant web server. WSGI is documented in PEP 3333.

3. What is a Framework?

A web framework consists of:

• a set of libraries
• a main handler within which you can build custom code to implement a web application (i.e. an interactive web site).

4. What does a Framework do?

Most web frameworks include patterns and utilities to accomplish at least the following:

• URL Routing

  • Matches an incoming HTTP request to a particular piece of Python code to be invoked
  • Request and Response Objects
  • Encapsulates the information received from or sent to a user’s browser

• Template Engine

  • Allows for separating Python code implementing an application’s logic from the HTML (or other) output that it produces

• Development Web Server

  • Runs an HTTP server on development machines to enable rapid development; often automatically reloads server-side code when files are updated

5. How to choose a Framework?

Popular

• Django

  • A batteries included web application framework
  • An excellent choice for creating content-oriented websites.
  • By providing many utilities and patterns out of the box, Django aims to make it possible to build complex, database-backed web applications quickly, while encouraging best practices in code written using it.
  • Django has a large and active community, and many pre-built re-usable modules that can be incorporated into a new project as-is, or customized to fit your needs.
  • The majority of new Python web applications today are built with Django.

• Flask

  • A “microframework” for Python
  • An excellent choice for building smaller applications, APIs, and web services.
  • Building an app with Flask is a lot like writing standard Python modules, except some functions have routes attached to them. It’s really beautiful.
  • Flask implements the most commonly-used core components of a web application framework, like URL routing, request and response objects, and templates.
  • Developers are able to choose other extensions components (e.g. database access or form generation and validation)
  • Flask is default choice for any Python web application that isn’t a good fit for Django

Sounds cool

• FastAPI

  • A modern web framework for building APIs with Python 3.6+.

  • It has very high performance as it is based on Starlette and Pydantic.

  • FastAPI takes advantage of standard Python type declarations in function parameters to declare request parameters and bodies
  • perform data conversion (serialization, parsing), data validation, and automatic API documentation with OpenAPI 3 (including JSON Schema).
  • It includes tools and utilities for security and authentication (including OAuth2 with JWT tokens), a dependency injection system, automatic generation of interactive API documentation, and other features.

• Falcon

  • It is a reliable, high-performance Python web framework for building large-scale app backends and microservices.
  • Encourages the REST architectural style of mapping URIs to resources, trying to do as little as possible while remaining highly effective.
  • When your goal is to build RESTful API microservices that are fast and scalable.
  • Falcon highlights four main focuses: speed, reliability, flexibility, and debuggability.
  • It implements HTTP through “responders” such as on_get(), on_put(), etc. These responders receive intuitive request and response objects. (Who doesn’t?)

• Masonite

  • Masonite is a modern and developer centric, “batteries included”, web framework.
  • The Masonite framework follows the MVC (Model-View-Controller) architecture pattern
  • Heavily inspired by frameworks such as Rails and Laravel, so if you are coming to Python from a Ruby or PHP background then you will feel right at home!
  • Masonite comes with a lot of functionality out of the box including a powerful IOC container with auto resolving dependency injection, craft command line tools, and the Orator active record style ORM.
  • Masonite is perfect for beginners or experienced developers alike and works hard to be fast and easy from install through to deployment. Try it once and you’ll fall in love.

Less Popular

• Tornado

  • Tornado is an asynchronous web framework for Python that has its own event loop.
  • This allows it to natively support WebSockets, for example. Well-written Tornado applications are known to have excellent performance characteristics.
  • The author do not recommend using Tornado unless you think you need it.

• Pyramid

  • Pyramid is a very flexible framework with a heavy focus on modularity.
  • It comes with a small number of libraries (“batteries”) built-in, and encourages users to extend its base functionality.
  • A set of provided cookiecutter templates helps making new project decisions for users.
  • It powers one of the most important parts of python infrastructure PyPI.
  • Pyramid does not have a large user base, unlike Django and Flask. It’s a capable framework, but not a very popular choice for new Python web applications today.

6.Use AWS Lambda and Amazon API Gateway to build serverless apps

Build and Deploy a Serverless REST API in Minutes Using Chalice
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Reference

Text adapted from The Hitchhiker’s Guide to Python: Web Applications & Frameworks